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First Nations stuck in 'spiralling cycle' during wildfires: federal housing advocate
The report says repeated evacuations are worsening health and safety risks as more than 40,000 people were displaced from at least 83 communities.
On Monday, Federal Housing Advocate Marie-Josee Houle released a report warning First Nations face a "spiralling cycle" during wildfire seasons due to severe housing gaps and uncoordinated emergency management supports.
Pre-Existing infrastructure deficits and climate change exacerbate wildfire risks, Houle noted. A 2024 report found closing the infrastructure gap could generate $635 billion in economic output over seven years, though upgrades require $349 billion.
More than 40,000 people were evacuated from at least 83 communities during the 2025 season, facing poor treatment in hotels where women and youth became targets for human traffickers, the report says.
AFN National Chief Cindy Woodhouse Nepinak noted systemic gaps in emergency responses, citing instances where provincial governments ignored states of emergency for 10 days in Manitoba and Saskatchewan.
The report offers 10 recommendations urging governments to shift from reactive responses to preventative, rights-based approaches grounded in First Nations leadership. Houle emphasized traditional knowledge must be "actively supported and funded" as part of modern emergency governance.