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‘Consequences we live with’: How 9/11 changed Canada’s approach to national security
Canada spent $7.7 billion on security and passed anti-terror laws that expanded policing powers and drew civil liberties criticism.
Twenty-Five years after the 9/11 terrorist attacks, Canada reflects on profound shifts in security policy, border regulations, and civil liberties that fundamentally transformed daily life for citizens.
Foreign Minister John Manley and Homeland Security Director Tom Ridge signed the Smart Border Declaration in October 2001, backed by $7.7 billion in government funding allocated to enhance security over five years.
Canada's new Anti-Terrorism Act allowed police to make 'preventive arrests' of suspected plotters, though critics argued the association of terrorism with Islam led to racial profiling of entire communities.
Investigations revealed significant errors when a federal inquiry led by Justice Dennis O'Connor concluded faulty RCMP information likely led to Syrian-born Canadian Maher Arar's yearlong ordeal in a Damascus prison.
Manley observed that 9/11 perpetrators 'succeeded beyond their wildest imaginations' by costing the developed world significant resources, a legacy experts say persists in modern security choices and domestic antagonism.