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Top jci.org News

Study Uncovers How HSV-1 Disables the Brain's Antiviral Defense
Cancer

Study Uncovers How HSV-1 Disables the Brain's Antiviral Defense

100% Center coverage: 2 sources
Infections caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) can lead to HSV-1 encephalitis-a rare but deadly condition that inflames the brain.See the Story
Fighting Kidney Disease by Targeting Neutrophils
Alzheimer's Disease

Fighting Kidney Disease by Targeting Neutrophils

100% Center coverage: 1 sources
When harmful bacteria or other microorganisms invade the body, neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, are one of the first immune cells to respond. They release powerful weapons to trap and kill these threats, one of the most important being neutrophil extracellular traps, or NETs. These are web-like structures made from DNA and proteins that act like sticky nets, trapping microbes and preventing them from spreading.See the Story
New Preoperative Regimen Gets a Win in Pancreatic Cancer
Cancer

New Preoperative Regimen Gets a Win in Pancreatic Cancer

100% Center coverage: 1 sources
(MedPage Today) -- CHICAGO -- A neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen of cisplatin (Platinol), nab-paclitaxel (Abraxane), capecitabine (Xeloda), and gemcitabine (PAXG) topped a standard option in a randomized trial of resectable or borderline resectable...See the Story

Emerging Biomarkers for Monitoring Remyelination in Multiple Sclerosis: Ahmed Abdelhak, MD

The assistant professor of neurology at the University of California, San Francisco discussed current advancements and ongoing challenges in identifying biomarkers to accurately monitor remyelination in MS clinical trials. [WATCH TIME: 5 minutes]HealthSee the Story

JCI Therapeutic B Cell Depletion Identifies Immunoregulatory Networks

B cell depletion is a highly effective therapy in multiple sclerosis (MS), reducing inflammation and restoring immune balance. In this issue of the JCI, Wei et al. used single-cell RNA-Seq and flow cytometry, identifying the comprehensive effects of B cell depletion on the immune response, including an increase in antiinflammatory cerebrospinal fluid macrophages and elevated TNF-α expression by peripheral CD16+ monocytes. The authors also detect…Multiple SclerosisSee the Story

JCI Genetic inactivation of FAAP100 causes Fanconi anemia due to disruption of the monoubiquitin ligase core complex

The Fanconi anemia/breast cancer (FA/BRCA) DNA repair network promotes the removal of DNA interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) to counteract their devastating consequences, including oncogenesis. Network signaling is initiated by the FA core complex, which consists of 7 authentic FA proteins and an FA-associated protein, FAAP100, with incompletely characterized roles and unknown disease associations. Upon activation, the FA core complex functions as a …FA · United StatesRead Article

JCI PROX1 is an early driver of lineage plasticity in prostate cancer

Lineage plasticity is recognized as a critical determinant of lethality and resistance to AR pathway inhibitors in prostate cancer. Lineage plasticity is a continuum, ranging from AR activity-low tumors, AR-null tumors that do not express a neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) program (i.e., double-negative prostate cancer [DNPC]), and AR-null NEPC tumors. Factors upregulated early in lineage plasticity are not well-characterized. The clarifica…Surveillance · LondonSee the Story

JCI Another Fanconi anemia gene joins the club

Fanconi anemia (FA) is the most common inherited bone marrow failure disorder, caused by pathogenic variants in genes involved in the FA DNA repair pathway. In this issue of the JCI, two studies report three germline homozygous loss-of-function variants in FAAP100, a key component of the FA core complex, identified in three unrelated families. These variants result in severe developmental phenotypes that are among the most extreme reported in FA…FARead Article

JCI IL-13 priming in precursors drives beige adipogenesis and enhances metabolic homeostasis

Accumulating evidence from rodent and human studies indicates that the activity of thermogenic adipocytes positively correlates with optimal metabolic function. In this issue of the JCI, Yesian et al. uncover a paracrine signaling pathway from type 2 innate lymphoid cells to preadipocytes via IL-13 that increases beige adipogenesis through a PPARγ-dependent pathway. Mice with deletion of Il13ra1 demonstrated glucose dysregulation, and variants n…Read Article

JCI Social, microbial, and immune factors linking bacterial vaginosis and infectious diseases

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a polymicrobial condition of the vaginal microbiota associated with a variety of sexually transmitted infections, infections of maternal and fetal tissues during pregnancy, and even some infections outside of the reproductive tract, including the urinary tract and mouth. BV has also been associated with conditions in which the body generates prominent inflammatory reactions to microbes, including infections of the cer…Read Article

JCI Gut microbial metabolite 4-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid drives colorectal cancer progression via accumulation of immunosuppressive PMN-MDSCs

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is characterized by an immune-suppressive microenvironment that contributes to tumor progression and immunotherapy resistance. The gut microbiome produces diverse metabolites that feature unique mechanisms of interaction with host targets, yet the role of many metabolites in CRC remains poorly understood. In this study, the microbial metabolite 4-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid (4-HPA) promoted the infiltration of PMN myeloid-d…Cancer · United StatesRead Article

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