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Why do people living at high altitudes have better glucose control? The answer was in plain sight

Researchers found red blood cells absorb glucose under low oxygen, lowering diabetes risk and enabling new treatments like HypoxyStat, shown effective in mouse models.

Summary by Phys.org
In a 2023 paper on hypoxia and glucose metabolism, our lab showed how organisms rewire their metabolism to adapt to low oxygen levels—such as those found at high altitudes. One of the most striking observations from that work was a dramatic drop in circulating blood sugar.

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Tibetans, who live in high altitudes exceeding 4,000 meters, are less prone to diabetes. Scientists have discovered the secret: red blood cells, which supply oxygen throughout the body, act like sponges, absorbing glucose in low-oxygen environments. Creating a hypoxic environment within the human body could potentially cure diabetes. Previously, congenital neurological disorders were treated using this method.

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The red blood cells supply our body with oxygen. But apparently their function goes far beyond that: As a study shows, they also play an important role in regulating blood sugar. Especially in case of lack of oxygen, the red blood cells absorb large amounts of glucose and convert it into a molecule that they [...] The article How red blood cells lower blood sugar levels first appeared on wissenschaft.de.

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Phys.org broke the news in United Kingdom on Thursday, February 19, 2026.
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