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Why America's drug shortages are lasting longer
The FDA says early-warning rules cut new shortages, but hospital pharmacists tracked 323 active gaps in 2024, the most on record.
The Food and Drug Administration reported 15 new drug shortages in 2024, the lowest total in a decade, yet the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists tracked 323 active shortages at the year's peak, revealing persistent supply gaps.
Centralized manufacturing and reliance on low-profit generics drive stubborn gaps; a single factory failure like the 2024 flooding at a Baxter plant in Marion, North Carolina can trigger national supply chain disruptions.
About 60% of active drug ingredients originate in India, China, or the European Union, leaving the United States vulnerable to foreign tensions while demand-driven shortages for ADHD stimulants have persisted since 2022.
The FDA utilized flexibility 107 times in 2024 to mitigate gaps, yet the Government Accountability Office keeps oversight on its High-Risk List, citing insufficient coordination between health agencies.
As shortages often last more than two years, states like Hawaii are pursuing independent solutions to import foreign-approved drugs while lawmakers push for increased supply chain transparency.