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Herpes Virus Infection Linked to Higher Alzheimer’s Risk, Study Shows Antiherpetic Drugs May Help

  • Researchers published a study on May 21, 2025, in BMJ Open linking HSV-1 infection to an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease in the United States.
  • The study examined insurance claims data from 344,628 individuals over the age of 50 who were identified with Alzheimer's disease between 2006 and 2021, using a matched case-control methodology.
  • The data indicated that 0.44% of individuals with Alzheimer's had previously been identified with HSV-1 infection, whereas this was true for 0.24% of the control group, reflecting an 80% increase in the odds of developing Alzheimer's among those with a history of HSV-1 after controlling for other factors.
  • Among 2,330 HSV-1 cases, those treated with antiherpetic medications had a 17% lower risk of Alzheimer's, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 0.83 and 95% confidence interval of 0.74 to 0.92.
  • The findings establish association but not causation, highlight the need for further research, and suggest antiviral treatments might reduce Alzheimer's risk linked to HSV-1.
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Medical Xpress broke the news in on Tuesday, May 20, 2025.
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