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Supreme Court rules courts must defer to immigration judges in asylum cases

The Court ruled that federal appeals courts must defer to immigration judges on asylum persecution findings, affecting more than 200,000 annual asylum cases, the DOJ said.

  • The U.S. Supreme Court unanimously held on March 4, 2026, that federal courts of appeals must apply deferential review in Urias-Orellana v. Bondi, 24-777.
  • The justices agreed to resolve a split among federal courts of appeals over which standard to apply to persecution findings, while petitioners argued for de novo review and the Department of Justice supported limits on judicial review.
  • An immigration judge found Douglas Humberto Urias-Orellana’s testimony credible but denied asylum, noting the family relocated within El Salvador and lacked proof of past or future persecution.
  • The decision delivers a victory for the Department of Justice and the Trump administration, shaping review for more than 200,000 asylum applications a year handled by immigration judges and the Board of Immigration Appeals.
  • Jackson wrote that the court reaffirmed INS v. Elias-Zacarias and treated Section 1252 as codifying deference, resolving the circuit split despite the Court's conservative majority.
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Law.com broke the news in on Wednesday, March 4, 2026.
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