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Fossilized Nervous System Points to Ocean Origins for Spiders and Relatives

BERRIEN COUNTY, MICHIGAN, JUL 22 – Analysis of a 500-million-year-old fossil shows spiders evolved marine brain structures before adapting to land, challenging previous land-only origin theories, researchers said.

  • Researchers published a study in Current Biology on June 22 analyzing a 500-million-year-old fossil brain of Mollisonia symmetrica, found in marine sediments.
  • This study addresses debates about arachnid origins, suggesting their ancestors may have been marine rather than land-dwelling, as previously thought.
  • The analysis showed Mollisonia's brain shares unique back-to-front neural arrangements with modern arachnids, indicating an evolutionary link to spiders and scorpions.
  • Nicholas Strausfeld emphasized that the structure of the arachnid brain is unique among known brains on Earth, playing a crucial role in rapid information processing and the regulation of movement.
  • These findings imply arachnids evolved in the ocean before transitioning to land, influencing early terrestrial ecosystems and possibly driving insect flight evolution.
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Spiders originated in the sea half a billion years ago

Finely preserved brain features in a tiny fossil suggest that spiders and their kin may have first evolved in the ocean rather than on land.

·Calhoun, United States
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Phys.org broke the news in United Kingdom on Tuesday, July 22, 2025.
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