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Sam Altman Defends A.I. Energy Use With Human Comparison, Sparking Debate

Altman rejects false water use claims, compares AI energy to human brain development, and advocates rapid adoption of nuclear, wind, and solar power for data centers.

  • On Feb. 20 in New Delhi, OpenAI chief executive Sam Altman defended A.I.'s environmental impact, saying, `People talk about how much energy it takes to train an AI model, but it also takes a lot of energy to train a human,` and dismissed inflated water‑per‑query claims.
  • Recent reports note datacenters used roughly 1.5% of global electricity in 2024, with the International Energy Agency expecting about 15% annual growth through 2030, while A.I.-related cooling reached 23.7 cubic kilometers in 2025, according to Xylem.
  • Altman added that last year he claimed ChatGPT uses 0.000085 gallons of water per query, OpenAI is moving away from direct cooling, and tech giants Microsoft, Meta, Google and Amazon pledge to replenish more water than withdrawn by 2030.
  • The remarks prompted criticism from figures like Matt Stoller and Sridhar Vembu, who called Altman's comparison dehumanizing, while he urged rapid expansion of nuclear, wind, and solar power.
  • With energy demand rising, industry trends show A.I. power use is growing more than four times faster than overall demand, and firms pursue nuclear energy deals, including those with Oklo and Helion.
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And it takes 20 years to become smart – at least according to Sam Altman.

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Publico broke the news in Portugal on Monday, February 23, 2026.
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