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China Has ‘Enormous Leverage’ in New Gas Pipeline Deal with Russia

The 30-year agreement secures 50 billion cubic meters of Russian gas annually for China, bypassing Western sanctions and reshaping global energy supply routes and alliances.

  • On September 2, 2025, Gazprom and China National Petroleum Corporation signed a legally binding memorandum to build Power of Siberia 2, confirmed by President Vladimir Putin in Beijing after his SCO summit visit.
  • Since the 2022 invasion of Ukraine, Russia has faced sanctions and EU plans to phase out its gas by 2027, prompting a shift from European countries to alternative markets, rerouting gas east to China.
  • Data in the memorandum indicate a 30-year contract duration with Power of Siberia 2's planned 50 billion cubic meters annual capacity, using Russian rubles and Chinese yuan and raising exports on the existing pipeline by 16% to 44 billion cubic meters per year.
  • China stands to gain cheaper, stable gas supplies and increased influence, Mongolia will earn billions in transit fees as a key corridor, and European industries face higher costs shifting to LNG imports.
  • In geopolitical terms, the agreement signals the rise of a Russia-China-Mongolia energy axis, reshaping global energy flows and underscoring limits of Western sanctions.
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L'EnerGeek broke the news in on Wednesday, September 3, 2025.
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