Summary and Key Points: Ukraine has done something planners thought impossible: cripple a great power’s navy without having one of its own.
Over four years, Kyiv’s missiles and cheap sea drones have cost Russia roughly a third of its Black Sea Fleet, struck a Kalibr-launching submarine inside a “protected” Crimean base, and forced the rest to flee east.
The threatened Russian assault on Odesa never came. The lesson now rippling through the world…