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Ocean Bacteria Evolving to Eat and Produce Plastics

  • On November 4, 2025, KAUST's global study in The ISME Journal finds marine microbes worldwide genetically primed to break down PET plastic.
  • Because ocean carbon is scarce, the study reports that marine microbes have the ability to use human-made plastic as a new carbon source, an early response to planetary littering.
  • Using AI-based structural modeling, genetic screening and laboratory testing, researchers identified the M5 motif as the marker of genuine PETase enzymes that efficiently break down PET in labs.
  • Researchers caution that the M5 motif offers a roadmap for industrial enzyme design on land, but the microbial breakdown is too slow to offset ocean plastic, risking marine life and human consumers.
  • Surveying more than 400 ocean samples, the team found functional PETases with the M5 motif in nearly 80% of waters from surface gyres to depths two kilometers down.
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A newly discovered enzyme from bacteria could make the production of plastic climate-friendly – without oil and CO2 emissions.

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packagingknowledge.com broke the news in on Friday, August 14, 2020.
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