Mahakala in Baghdad: How Buddhism and Tantra reshaped Islamic thought

Mahakala in Baghdad: How Buddhism and Tantra reshaped Islamic thought

A compelling historical transformation uncovers the distinctions between early Muslim rulers, known as Sultans, and the Mughal Badshahs that followed. This evolution, shaped by Tantrik Buddhism from Tibet, led Mughal leaders to assert divine authority independently of the Caliphate.