If you are weighing a heat pump for your home, the choice usually comes down to two very different machines: a geothermal (ground-source) heat pump that taps the steady temperature of the earth and an air-source heat pump that pulls heat from the outside air. Both can heat and cool a house efficiently, but they differ sharply in upfront cost, cold-weather performance, and long-term value. In 2026, changes to federal incentives have also tilted t…