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First Personalized Gene Therapy Using Base Editing Shows Promising Results in Baby with Rare Disorder

  • In 2025, researchers from Penn Medicine and the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia developed and administered a personalized gene editing treatment to baby KJ Muldoon in Clifton Heights, Pennsylvania, addressing his severe CPS1 deficiency.
  • KJ received a diagnosis soon after being born of a rare and often deadly genetic disorder that causes hazardous ammonia accumulation, leading to the rapid creation of a CRISPR-based treatment.
  • The customized treatment corrected KJ's faulty gene using CRISPR delivered by lipid nanoparticles starting in February 2025, enabling him to tolerate more protein and recover from common illnesses.
  • Dr. Kiran Musunuru noted that this marks an initial milestone in applying gene editing techniques to develop treatments for numerous uncommon genetic conditions that currently lack effective medical options.
  • This successful case marks a promising advance for personalized gene therapy and suggests that individualized treatments could become scalable and help many rare disease patients.
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Nature broke the news in United Kingdom on Thursday, May 15, 2025.
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