Expert finds access to high-paying jobs—not unequal pay for the same job—is the biggest driver of immigrant wage gaps
GERMANY, JUL 16 – The study finds 75% of a nearly 20% immigrant wage gap in Germany results from limited access to high-paying jobs rather than pay discrimination within the same roles.
- A 2025 study analyzing 13.5 million individuals in nine countries found immigrants earn on average 17.9% less than natives.
- The wage gap largely results from structural barriers preventing immigrants from accessing better-paying jobs and firms rather than unequal pay for the same work.
- Countries showed varied gaps, with Spain over 29%, Canada 27.5%, Germany 19.6%, and Sweden the smallest at 7%, reflecting differences in immigrant integration and sectors of employment.
- Study co-author Malte Reichelt highlighted that integration focuses mainly on removing systemic obstacles that prevent individuals from obtaining well-paying employment.
- The findings imply that policy efforts should target improving immigrants' access to higher-paying roles through language support, credential recognition, and network expansion.
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An immigrant earns on average 9.2 percent less than a person of Danish origin, a new study shows.


Immigrants in Europe and North America earn 18% less than natives – here’s why
F Armstrong Photography/ShutterstockAs many countries grapple with ageing populations, falling birthrates, labour shortages and fiscal pressures, the ability to successfully integrate immigrants is becoming an increasingly pressing matter. However, our new study found that salaries of immigrants in Europe and North America are nearly 18% lower than those of natives, as foreign-born workers struggle to access higher-paying jobs. To reach this con…
Expert finds access to high-paying jobs—not unequal pay for the same job—is the biggest driver of immigrant wage gaps
Immigrants in the United States earn 10.6% less than similarly educated U.S.-born workers, largely because they are concentrated in lower-paying industries, occupations and companies, according to a major new study published in Nature, co-authored by a University of Massachusetts Amherst sociologist who studies equal opportunity in employment.
Immigrant–native pay gap driven by lack of access to high-paying jobs
Immigrants to high-income countries often face considerable and persistent difficulties in the labour market1–6, whereas their native-born children typically experience economic progress6–9. However, little is known about the extent to which these immigrant–native earnings differences stem from unequal pay when doing the same work for the same employer versus labour market processes that sort immigrants into lower-paid jobs. Here, using data fro…
Immigrants in Germany and eight other countries – Canada, Denmark, France, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden and the USA – achieve on average significantly lower incomes than natives. In Germany, the income difference for the first generation is 19.6 percent. The main reason is not unequal pay for the same activity... Source
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