Why Pakistan Is Boosting Defence Ties with a Nation Known for Its Pirates
The agreement says any attack on one of the three states will be treated as an attack on all, and it may expand to other members.
- On August 7, 2026, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, and Turkey signed the Makkah Joint Defence Agreement in Makkah, committing the three nations to collective defense against attacks on any one of them.
- Regional instability and doubts regarding United States security commitments prompted the agreement's development during the first half of 2026, as Middle Eastern nations sought new ways to enhance collective security without relying on Western powers.
- The Pakistani Foreign Ministry confirmed the pact "stipulates that any attack against any one of the three states shall be regarded as an attack against all three." This mutual defense clause creates binding obligations.
- Asfandyar Mir, a senior fellow at the Stimson Center think tank in Washington, stated the pact reflects a judgment that "U.S. commitment alone is no longer sufficient to ensure security and maintain stability."
- While Egypt affirmed support alongside fourteen other nations in June, it was not included in the official pact; the alliance combines military strength with oil wealth to dominate the geographic space.
37 Articles
37 Articles
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