Gaza death toll in early part of war far higher than reported, says Lancet study
The study found 75,200 violent deaths and 16,300 non-violent deaths in Gaza up to early 2025, attributing undercounting to infrastructure collapse and disrupted records.
- On January 5, 2025, the Lancet study found 75,200 violent deaths in Gaza up to early 2025, with 16,300 non-violent deaths, about 50% higher than the Gaza Ministry of Health's count.
- Destroyed hospitals and missing records hinder accurate casualty reporting as bombarded Gaza hospitals and health services caused 'grey zone' deaths, while power infrastructure and administrative records loss worsened reporting barriers.
- The Gaza Mortality Survey interviewed 2,000 families to measure population change since October 7, and study authors included economists, demographers and epidemiologists, with Palestinian interviewers due to sensitivity.
- Gaza civilians face a heavy demographic toll as 42,200 women, children and the elderly were killed, while recovering bodies is hampered by limited equipment, mutilation and fractured social networks.
- Israel disputes the counts, saying over 72,000, while a senior Israeli security officer told journalists last month that figures from Gaza health authorities were mostly accurate, though some analyses suggest totals could be 40% lower.
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17 Articles
The Lancet study is the first study in Gaza to use independent population-based surveys, not based on death certificates.
The true death toll in Gaza during the first sixteen months of the war is significantly higher than previously reported. A study in the medical journal The Lancet shows that at least 25,000 more victims were killed than reported at the time. This means that by early February 2025, at least 75,000 people had lost their lives.
This study and others show that the number of deaths reported by health sources in Gaza may be lower than the actual number due to the destruction of the infrastructure for registration.
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