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Data stored in Canada can be subject to foreign courts, government paper warns

Ottawa spent nearly $1.3 billion on U.S. cloud services since 2021 but cannot guarantee full control of Canadian data from foreign legal demands.

  • A government white paper prepared for the Treasury Board last week concluded Ottawa cannot fully control its data if providers are subject to foreign laws, saying only Canadian-jurisdiction services achieve full control.
  • The U.S. Cloud Act illustrates how foreign laws can reach data abroad, and the report says the digital world's interconnected nature creates competing legal obligations for Canada.
  • Spending and service footprints reveal practical dependence as Ottawa has spent almost $1.3 billion on cloud services from Amazon, Microsoft and Google since 2021, with defence apps hosted by Amazon Web Services.
  • The Treasury Board says Ottawa uses legal, policy and technical measures to retain some control, and Prime Minister Mark Carney has directed the Major Projects Office to build a sovereign cloud.
  • Demand for cloud, cybersecurity, and AI talent is high, complicating Ottawa's efforts as firms like ThinkOn Inc. pitch sovereignty recently, says the report.
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A new white paper warns that Ottawa cannot maintain full control over its data if it is hosted in other countries.

·Montreal, Canada
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Data stored in Canada can be subject to foreign courts, government paper warns

A new government white paper on digital sovereignty says Ottawa can’t maintain full control over its data if its data storage supplier is subject to the laws of another country.

·Canada
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OTTAWA—A new Government White Paper on Digital Sovereignty warns that Ottawa cannot maintain full control over its data if its data storage provider is subject to the laws of another country. The document states that the federal government can only maintain full legal control if it provides the service itself or if it uses service providers that operate entirely under Canadian jurisdiction. The document emphasizes that providers must comply with…

·Richelieu, Canada
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The Hamilton Spectator broke the news in Hamilton, Canada on Monday, November 3, 2025.
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