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China's nuclear arsenal hits 600 warheads, up 100 from year before

  • China increased its nuclear arsenal to over 600 warheads by early 2025 while maintaining a 'no first use' policy on nuclear weapons.
  • This expansion follows rapid military modernization, including building around 350 new ICBM silos and nuclear submarines armed with ballistic missiles.
  • The growth has triggered regional military exercises and increased military presence by allies like the UK, Australia, Japan, and the US to counterbalance China’s rising capabilities.
  • Experts warn China’s arsenal could double to 1,000 warheads by 2030 and reach 1,500 by 2035, though it remains below the U.S. and Russian stockpiles of around 5,000 warheads each.
  • These developments suggest continuing nuclear arms competition amid weakening arms control, posing challenges for global strategic stability and increasing the risk of escalation.
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According to SIPRI's latest report, China has increased its nuclear arsenal with around 100 new newspapers a year since 2023 to date.

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South China Morning Post broke the news in Hong Kong on Sunday, June 15, 2025.
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