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Scientists say they have solved the mystery of what killed more than 5 billion sea stars

  • In 2025, scientists from the Pacific region uncovered the bacterial agent responsible for sea star wasting disease, solving a mystery that had persisted for 12 years.
  • The marine epidemic began in 2013 and killed over six billion sea stars across 20 species from Alaska to Mexico, with sunflower stars hardest hit.
  • The researchers targeted the fluid within the sea stars' bodies and identified Vibrio pectenicida as the confirmed bacterium responsible for the devastating disease.
  • Melanie Prentice described sunflower stars as a keystone species whose loss caused sea urchin overpopulation and widespread kelp forest destruction.
  • This breakthrough enables new studies on disease resistance, captive breeding, and reintroduction strategies to promote recovery and protect coastal ecosystems.
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KUOW broke the news in Seattle, United States on Monday, August 4, 2025.
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