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First Four-Carbon Sugar Erythrulose Detected in Interstellar Space

Researchers matched radio signals to laboratory spectra and found erythrulose, a four-carbon sugar, at levels at least eight times higher than similar three-carbon sugars.

  • Astronomers have discovered a natural sugar floating in interstellar space, identifying the compound within a massive gas cloud near the center of the Milky Way.
  • The sugar molecule, called erythrulose, is a simple sugar naturally found in red fruits like raspberries and commonly used as an active ingredient in self-tanning lotions.
  • The sweet discovery was made using two high-powered radio telescopes in Spain, the Yebes 40-meter and the IRAM 30-meter, which captured unique radio signals from the molecular cloud G+0.693−0.027 and matched them with lab samples.
  • While erythrulose itself is not a direct building block of life, it can easily convert into other crucial sugars—like those that make up DNA—deepening our understanding of prebiotic chemistry in space.
  • The findings, published in Nature Astronomy, support the theory that the fundamental ingredients for life were already present in interstellar dust clouds before our solar system ever formed, rather than being delivered solely by comets.
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Scientists have discovered for the first time the natural sugar found in raspberries and used in self-tanners in a huge cloud of gas and dust not far from the center of the Milky Way.

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An international team of astronomers detected erythrollose, a sugar of four carbon atoms, in a gas cloud near the center of the Milky Way. It is the first time that this type of "true sugar" is identified outside the solar system, according to the study published in Nature Astronomy.Eritrulose is also found naturally in raspberries and is used in self-tanning products. Scientists had already found other sugars, such as ribose and glucose, in met…

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Nature broke the news in London, United Kingdom on Monday, July 13, 2026.
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