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Three Takeaways About AI’s Energy Use and Climate Impacts

  • In 2024, global data centers consumed roughly 415 terawatt-hours of electricity, about 1.5% of worldwide use, driven largely by AI demand.
  • This surge in energy use results from rapid AI development and expansion of data centers, with emissions varying by location and power source.
  • Key details include AI accounting for up to 20% of data center power, Google's 48% emissions increase since 2019, and methane-powered xAI data centers in Tennessee.
  • Google stated in 2024 that reducing emissions remains challenging due to rising AI compute intensity, while the International Energy Agency forecasts data center energy use doubling by 2030.
  • These trends imply AI’s growth poses significant challenges for energy infrastructure, necessitating coordinated policies, efficient hardware, and investment in diverse power sources.
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MIT Technology Review broke the news in Boston, United States on Thursday, May 22, 2025.
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